Causes of the Behavior of Transgenic Mice :: essays research papers

Selectively manipulating genes sess lead to a greater understanding of molecular and cellular brain functions and behaviors. However these particular proposition gene mutations may stumble compensatory changes that mask a phenotype or adds to it. Therefore it might be difficult to determine the specific effect of a mutation on behavior. This is especi aloney true since a mutation may be affected by the environment or a specific genetic background.Because of this it is important to find the best substance to understand and interpret behavioral data. The Morris Swimming task is a task where the animals atomic number 18 encouraged to find a platform in a water tank. Through careful examination it was strand that in that location where several behavioral trends. One of them is called thigmotaxis and it refers to the mice swimming near the wall without even trying to find the platform. This has to be overcome in order to achieve the goal. If it is not overcome then the stag e where the animal learns the location of the platform cannot be reached. A generalized variant of the mutant animals behavior might lead us to believe that it cannot achieve its task because of learning and memory impairment however it can be observed that the reason for its failure might be its inability to overcome its initial behavior. To verify that this is the cause of the animals behavior there is a technique called PCA. This technique allows researchers to correlate specific measures of the animals movements with various factors such as thigmotaxis to understand the specific causes of the behavior and how the mutation affects the animals. It has been found that 50% of the source of variation of the animals behavior is the inability to overcome thigmotaxis and is not related to its inability to perform learning tasks.To understand the specific effects of the mutation on animals one must also be careful to eliminate genetic background and environment as affecting performa nce. A Meta analysis of the data for the water task has shown that both environmental and genetic effect produce sufficient variation to account for the range of almost all behavioral measures. It is hard to determine the effects of the mutation alone without it being confused with effects from other sources. It is helpful to test inbred animals where heterozygous animals are mated to produce wild-type and homozygous offspring.